Free Forms and Functions of Plants MCQs with Answers

261. Transport of organic solutes from the source of assimilation to the source of sink is:

• A. Transportation
• B. Transduction
• C. Translocation
• D. Transformation

Explanation: The correct answer is translocation. This process specifically refers to the movement of organic solutes such as sugars and amino acids through the phloem from the source, where they are synthesized, to the sink, where they are consumed or stored. The movement is driven by a pressure gradient created by the differential concentration of solutes between the source and the sink.Option A, 'Transportation,' is too general as it does not specifically describe the biological process in plants. Option B, 'Transduction,' refers to signaling and not solute movement. Option D, 'Transformation,' relates to genetic material transfer in bacteria and is unrelated to the movement of solutes in plants.

262. Delayed wound healing is caused by deficiency of:

• A. Zinc (Zn)
• B. Iron (Fe)
• C. Cobalt (Co)
• D. Manganese (Mn)

Explanation: Zinc (Zn) deficiency is directly linked to delayed wound healing because zinc is integral to the processes of collagen synthesis and cell proliferation, which are crucial for repairing and closing wounds. Without sufficient zinc, these critical processes are disrupted, resulting in impaired healing.Iron (Fe) deficiency primarily causes anemia due to its role in hemoglobin formation, affecting overall oxygen transport but not specifically wound healing. Cobalt (Co) is essential for vitamin B12 function, influencing blood and nerve health, but it does not directly impact the healing process of wounds. Manganese (Mn) supports enzymatic activities and bone health, and while it plays a role in tissue repair, its deficiency is not a common cause of delayed wound healing.

263. All of the following are micronutrients accept:

• A. Iron
• B. Chlorine
• C. Copper
• D. Potassium

Explanation: The correct answer is potassium. Potassium is classified as a macromineral, not a micronutrient. Macrominerals, including potassium, calcium, and magnesium, are required by the body in larger quantities compared to micronutrients. Micronutrients, such as iron, chlorine, and copper, are essential but needed in smaller amounts. These micronutrients play vital roles in bodily functions, but their required intake is significantly less than that of macrominerals like potassium.

264. The outer tissue of cambium develops in to:

• A. Xylem
• B. Phloem
• C. Cortex
• D. Epidermis

Explanation: The cambium is a layer of actively dividing cells in plants that contributes to secondary growth by producing new cells. On its outer side, the cambium generates phloem, which is essential for transporting sugars and nutrients throughout the plant. In contrast, xylem forms on the inner side of the cambium and is responsible for water and mineral transport. The cortex is a separate tissue, formed from the primary meristem, and the epidermis originates from the apical meristem, not the cambium.

265. How much phosphorus is required by an adult man per day?

• A. 500 mg
• B. 400 mg
• C. 800 mg
• D. 1800 mg

Explanation: Phosphorus is crucial for numerous bodily functions, including the formation of bones and teeth, and it plays a role in how the body uses carbohydrates and fats. The recommended daily intake for phosphorus for a healthy adult is between 800mg and 1200mg. Option C, 800 mg, falls within this range, making it the correct answer. Options A and B (500 mg and 400 mg) are below the recommended intake and could potentially lead to deficiency, while Option D (1800 mg) is above the recommended range and could pose health risks if consumed regularly.

266. Macronutrients are:

• A. K-Mg-N-P
• B. Cu-Mg-Mn-S
• C. Mn-S-P-Cu
• D. Mg-Mn-Ca-P

Explanation: The macronutrients are K-Mg-N-P (Students should learn this as it is a fact)

267. All of the following are macronutrient except

• A. Cu ions
• B. Ca ions
• C. Mg ions
• D. K ions

Explanation: The correct answer is Cu ions. Macronutrients are elements required in large quantities for plant growth. Copper, calcium, magnesium, and potassium are all essential nutrients for plants, but copper is classified as a micronutrient, not a macronutrient. The other options, Ca ions, Mg ions, and K ions, are all macronutrients.

268. Which of tne followingl is electron carrier?

• A. Plastocyonin
• B. Cytochromes
• C. Plastoquinones
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Plastoquinones are molecules that serve as electron carriers in the process of photosynthesis. They help transport electrons during the light-dependent reactions in plants. On the other hand, cytochromes are proteins that also act as electron carriers, specifically in cellular respiration. They play a role in transferring electrons within the electron transport chain to produce ATP. Both are essential for energy production in different biological processes.

269. Which pigment is universally present in all green plants?

• A. Chlorophyll a
• B. Chlorophyll r
• C. Chlorophyll b
• D. Chlorophyll d

Explanation: Chlorophyll a is a pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells. It absorbs light energy from the sun, particularly in the blue and red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and reflects green light, which is why plants appear green to our eyes. This pigment is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. So, chlorophyll a is vital for plants to produce their own food and maintain their green color.

270. The nitrogen gas can be fixed spontaneously By:

• A. Industrial fixation
• B. Biological fixation
• C. Atmospheric fixation
• D. All of the above

Explanation: In industrial fixation, nitrogen gas (N2) is converted into a usable form, such as ammonia (NH3), through a process called the Haber-Bosch process. This process involves combining nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas under high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst. The resulting ammonia can then be used as a fertilizer or in the production of various chemical compounds. Industrial fixation plays a crucial role in providing the nitrogen needed for agriculture and other industries.