Free Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs with Answers

1701. Compared with the gametophytes of the bryophytes, the gametophytes of vascular plants tend to be:

• A. Smaller but to have larger sex organs
• B. Larger but to have smaller sex organs
• C. Larger and to have larger sex organs
• D. Smaller and to have smaller sex organs

Explanation: (d) : In bryophytes, the dominant phase of the life cycle is the gametophytic plant body. In contrast, vascular plants have sporophytic plant bodies in most of their life cycle and reduced, smaller gametophytes that have smaller sex organs.

1702. The gametophyte is not an independent, free­ living generation in:

• A. Polytrichum
• B. Adiantum
• C. Marchantia
• D. Pinus

Explanation: (d) : In gymnosperms (like Pinus), the male and female gametophyte do not have an independent free living existence. They remain within the sporangia retained on the sporophytes i.e., female gametophyte (within megasporangium) and male gametophyte (within microsporangium).

1703. Archegoniophore is present in:

• A. Marchantia
• B. Chara
• C. Adiantum
• D. Funaria

Explanation: (a) : Marchantia is a dioecious plant. Male plants bear antheridiophores and female plants bear archegoniophores. Antheridiophores consists of a stalk and a disc like portion called receptacle. Archegoniophore is composed of a stalk and disc like receptacle at its distal end

1704. A prokaryotic autotrophic nitrogen fixing symbiont is found in:

• A. Alnus
• B. Cycas
• C. Cicer
• D. Pisum

Explanation: (b) : Cycas forms facultative symbiotic association with autotrophic nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria. Cycas provides fix carbon and a stable environment tothe cyanobacteria in exchange for fixed nitrogen. These cyanobacteria are endosymbionts and

1705. Examine the figure given below and select the correct option giving all the four parts (A, B, C, and D) rightly identified.

• A. Archegoniophore, Femalethallus, Gemmacup, Rhizoids
• B. Archegoniophore, Female, thallus, Bud Foot
• C. Seta, Sporophyte, Protonema, Rhizoids
• D. Antheridiophore, Malethallus, Globule, Roots

Explanation: (a) : The given figure is of female thallus of Marchantia (bryophyte) in which A,B, C and D are archegoniophore, female thallus, gemma cup and rhizoids respectively

1706. Consider the following four statements whether they are correct or wrong. A. The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses. B. Salvinia is heterosporous. C. The life­cycle in all seed­bearing plants is diplontic. D. In Pinus male and female cones are borne on different trees. The two wrong statements together are:

• A. A and C
• B. A and D
• C. B and C
• D. A and B

Explanation: (b) : The sporophyte in mosses is more elaborate than that in liverworts. The maleand female cones or strobili is borne onsame tree in (Pinus). In Cycas male cones and megasporophylls are borne on different trees

1707. Consider the following four statements whether they are correct or wrong.

• A. The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses.
• B. Salvinia is heterosporous
• C. The life­cycle in all seed­bearing plants is diplontic
• D. In Pinus male and female cones are born on different trees.

Explanation: (b) : The sporophyte in mosses is more elaborate than that in liverworts. The maleand female cones or strobili is borne onsame tree in (Pinus). In Cycas male cones and megasporophylls are borne on different trees

1708. Algae have cells made up of:

• A. Cellulose, galactans, and mannans
• B. Hemicellulose, pectins, and proteins
• C. Pectins, cellulose, and proteins
• D. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins

Explanation: Algae are photosynthetic organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista. They have cell walls that provide support and protection to their cells. The cell walls of algae are primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins.

1709. Male and female gametophytes are independent and free­living in:

• A. Mustard
• B. Castor
• C. Pinus
• D. Sphagnum

Explanation: (d) : Sphagnum is a bryophyte in which dominant phase or plant body is independent and free living gametophyte. The sporophyte is parasitic over gametophyte. In Pinus (a gymnosperm), mustard and castor(angiosperms), the main plant bod y is sporophytic. Gametophyte is highly reduced and is completely dependent on sporophyte.

1710. Which one of the following is monoecious?

• A. Marchantia
• B. Cycas
• C. Pinus
• D. Date palm

Explanation: (c) : Monoecious plants have separate male and female flowers on the same plant. Pinus have both the male and female cones or strobili on the same tree.