The given figure shows a simple pendulum executing simple harmonic motion (SHM). The restoring force in the given simple pendulum is equal to
Correct answer: A. -mgθ
- A. -mgθ
- B. -mg
- C. mgθ
- D. mg
Explanation
In a simple pendulum executing simple harmonic motion, the restoring force is given by the formula F = -mgθ, where θ is the angular displacement. The negative sign indicates that the force is directed opposite to the displacement, acting to restore the pendulum to its equilibrium position. Option A is correct because it accurately reflects this relationship.Option B is incorrect because it suggests a constant force that does not depend on displacement, which is not characteristic of simple harmonic motion. Option C is incorrect as it lacks the negative sign, which is crucial for indicating the directional nature of the restoring force. Option D is incorrect because it only accounts for the gravitational force without considering displacement.
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About Simple Harmonic Motion
Simple harmonic motion is oscillation in which acceleration is directly proportional to displacement and directed toward the equilibrium position. Work includes displacement, velocity, acceleration, phase, period, frequency, amplitude and energy, with applications to springs and simple pendulums. The restoring force and the conditions for SHM distinguish it from general periodic motion.
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