Hemophilia occurs because of:
Correct answer: C. Mutation of X-chromosome
- A. Mutation in an autosome
- B. Mutation of Y-chromosome
- C. Mutation of X-chromosome
- D. Deficiency of iron
Explanation
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process. Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. The genes associated with these conditions are located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. In females (who have two X chromosomes), a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause the disorder. Because it is unlikely that females will have two altered copies of this gene, it is very rare for females to have hemophilia. A characteristic of X-linked inheritance is that fathers cannot pass X-linked traits to their sons. So, the correct answer is 'Mutation of X-chromosome'.
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About Inheritance
Mendel's laws explain segregation, independent assortment and the prediction of genetic ratios using alleles, genotypes and phenotypes. The chapter also covers linked genes, recombination and crossing over during meiosis, then applies pedigree reasoning to X-linked recessive traits, which show different inheritance patterns in males and females.
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